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Malware typer [EN]

Adware

Awware is software that enables displaying banner advertisements when the program is running.

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Backdoor

A program that installs itself in such a way that the infected computer can be accessed and controlled remotely.

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Bot / Botnet

Computers (bots) that are part of a network, which itself is controlled by a robot, is often called a botnet.

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Browser hijacker

This term covers a range of malicious software. The most generally accepted description for browser hijacking software is external code that changes your Internet Explorer settings.

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Clickjacking

Clickjacking is a malicious technique of tricking Web users into revealing confidential information or taking control of their computer while clicking on seemingly innocuous Web pages.

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Dialer

A dialer is an electronic device that is connected to a telephone line to monitor the dialed numbers and alter them to seamlessly provide services that otherwise require lengthy access codes to be dialed.

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Dropper

A dropper is a program that has been designed to "install" some sort of malware (virus, backdoor, etc) to a target system.

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Exploit

The technique used to take advantage of a particular vulnerability.

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Greyware

Software that may be viewed as useful in some instances, but which also includes component(s) that may be seen as malicious or annoying in other contexts

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Hoax

Alerts about malicious software, which turn out to be false alarms.

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Image spam

Spam using images as all or parts of the text.

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Intended

Due to programming error(s) the malware does not function (as intended).

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IP Spoofing

A technique used to gain unauthorized access to computers, whereby the intruder sends messages to a computer with an IP address indicating that the message is coming from a trusted host.

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IRC-bots

 An IRC bot is a set of scripts or an independent program that connects to IRC-Internet Relay Chat as a client, and so appears to other IRC users as another user.

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Keylogger

Programs, which log the keys pressed on a keyboard and (usually) send this to a third party.

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Malware

A common name for all software designed to infiltrate or damage a computer system.

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Money-muling

Money muling is when a criminal persuades an individual to use their bank accounts to launder the proceeds of crime.

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Pharming

Utilization of the DNS to provide wrong data.

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Phishing

Attacks which by utilizing software attempts to get your personal information.

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Proof of Concept

A program written to show that a particular technique is possible to use.

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Ransomware

Encryption of files on a computer, and leaving a message that a certain ransom has to be paid for the decryption key to be disclosed.

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Rogueware

Rogueware consists of any kind of fake software solution that attempts to steal money from PC users by luring them into paying to remove nonexistent threats.

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Rootkit

Rootkits are software used to hide files, running processes, Registry entries, or other kinds of data.

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Scareware

Scareware comprises several classes of scam software with malicious payloads, or of limited or no benefit, that are sold to consumers via certain unethical marketing practices.

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Smishing

Smishing is derived from the familiar "phishing." The "sm" comes from SMS, the protocol used to transmit text messages via cellular devices.

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Spam

Spam is unsolicited information.

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Spyware

Spyware is programs that collect information about a person or an organization without that entity's consent and awareness.

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SQL Injection

SQL Injection or SQLi is a code injection technique that exploits a security vulnerability in some computer software.

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Tracking cookie

The most commonly used trackware is a Tracking Cookie - a small piece of data that identifies a certain user or a certain computer, with the help of a web browser configured to store cookies.

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Trojan

A program that seems to be genuine and even useful, and thereby tricks the users to install/use it.

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Virus

A virus is designed to copy itself and propagate from one computer file to another, usually by attaching itself to program files.

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Vishing

Phishing where Voice over IP (VoIP) is used as the communication channel

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Vulnerability

A flaw in a computer program, which may allow someone to perform action(s) not intended by the author of the program.

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Worm

A worm will infect other computers, but do not propagate by infecting other files.

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